Theory of Multiple Intelligences

Theory of Multiple Intelligences The theory of multiple intelligences was proposed by psychologist Howard Gardner in the late 1970s. This theory attempted to disprove the intelligence quotient (IQ) by suggesting that individuals actually possess eight different and autonomous intelligences. Individuals combine and utilize these different types of intelligences to solve problems and make products valuable to society. The intelligences are linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, naturalist, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, and interpersonal. Gardner believed that the intelligence quotient only tests for linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligence, and does not include the other equally important intelligence. This represents a departure from acknowledging only academic intelligence, but including other forms of intelligence as well. For example, musicians, quantum theorists, and professional sports players are the best at their field, but have different areas of intelligence that have variances that cannot be detected by taking the IQ test alone. With the accompanying work of Charles Spearman on the general intelligence, g, Alfred Binet designed the IQ test, or intelligence quotient. This was initially used in the early 1900s to test French schoolchildren for their levels of academic achievement in order to properly place them into classes. This theory still remains the primary conception and test of intelligence. But the multiple intelligence theory claims that individuals that excel in one area on intelligence may not necessarily do well in the other areas of intelligence. In another case of opposing beliefs, the general intelligence postulates that intelligence is an innate trait that the individual has no control over. Gardners theory of multiple intelligence asserts that intelligence is a product of both nature and nurture. Heritable traits give individuals high or low potentials in one area of intelligence, depending upon what skills and traits their parents had. In addition, the experiences and practice of the individu al can increase and hone one domain to its peak, or neglect can cause underachievement of potential. In Gardners seven areas of intelligence, linguists is the ability to analyze incoming information and utilizing or creating written and oral language, logical-mathematical intelligence is the ability to solve abstract problems and calculate effectively, and spatial intelligence is the ability to change images with the mind, musical intelligence is the ability to create and appreciate sound patterns, and naturalist intelligence is the ability to identify the natural elements of the world, including plants, animals, and weather. Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence is the ability to correctly place ones body in order to solve problems, interpersonal intelligence is the ability to recognize other individuals moods and intentions, and intrapersonal intelligence is the ability to recognize ones own moods and intentions. Some research that tests Gardners theory of multiple intelligences is informal questionnaires, written assessments, or multiple choice tests. These tests provide a sample of different domains of intelligences and identify each individuals relative and absolute strengths. This is because each domain has a certain score, and domains may be ranked from high to low intelligences for each person, with every individuals score unique and different from any other scores. These results correlate directly to an individuals performances on practical and immediate tasks. These multiple intelligence ideas were brought to the United States, and the first experiments were performed here. But over time, this theory has spread all over the world and has gained its place and importance in the world of psychology. This test of multiple intelligences allows individuals to have direct feedback of their strengths and weaknesses. In schools, teachers can use this to their advantage by nurturing the areas of strength and improving upon the weaker skills as well. The results of this test can provide a general direction for an individuals future success and the potential of a certain domain. In addition, different curriculums can be adjusted and modified in order to assist a student in learning to their fullest capacity. For example, The Gardner School of Arts and Sciences uses Howard Gardners theory of multiple intelligences as the framework for the schools teaching method. The school recognizes the different abilities and intelligences of their students, so teachers incorporate all eight domains to identify strength and weakness of each individual and develop each intelligence to the individuals full potential. When I took the written multiple intelligences test, I received individual scores for each domain of intelligence. My highest three intelligences are logical-mathematical, linguistic, and intrapersonal. These results allows me identify my areas of strengths and weaknesses as it relates directly to my actions and future success. My highest scoring domain is logical-mathematical intelligence. This means that I can understand logical concepts and mathematical problems well; I am able to reason out solutions and function at an abstract level. The jobs that would fit this category would be a physicist or computer programmer. I enjoy working with patterns, relationships, and the abstract. With this intelligence, I can solve difficult problems with reasoning and will tend to be more methodical to discern patterns between events and numbers. The second intelligence domain is linguistic intelligence. This means that I have a developed sense of oral and written communication and the different qualities of words and phrases. The careers consistent with high scores in linguistic intelligence are poets and writers. I am more attuned to the meaning, sound, and shapes of words, and am able to use this to my advantage in writing and in speeches in order to inform, persuade, or excite. I enjoy reading, writing, and puzzle solving. My third highest scoring intelligence domain is intrapersonal intelligence. This means that I have a highly developed sense of self-knowledge and an ability to act on that understanding. I learn best from working alone, having time to myself for reflection, and working on self-paced assignments where I have my own space.

Early Marriage Rate Essay

Marriage (also called matrimony or wedlock) is a socially or ritually recognized union or legal contract between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between them, between them and their children, and between them and their in-laws. The definition of marriage varies according to different cultures, but it is principally an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually sexual, are acknowledged. In some cultures, marriage is recommended or considered to be compulsory before pursuing any sexual activity. When defined broadly, marriage is considered a cultural universal. An early marriage, is an issue where argued by many now a days. Some people are advocated for early marriage because it is healthy. Until the late 20th century, teen marriage was very common and instrumental in securing a family, continuing a blood lineage and producing offspring for labour. Many factors contribute to teen marriage such as teen pregnancy, religion, security, family and peer pressure, arranged marriage, economic and political reasons, social advancement, and cultural reasons. Studies have shown that teenage married couples are often less advantageous, may come from broken homes, may have little education and work low status jobs in comparison to those that marry after adolescence. Early marriage arise from number of causes like lack of education, gender bios, pressure from family or friends, and lack of knowledge about the implications of early marriage. Early marriage also has several negative effects. It can lead to psychological and emotional stress not only to both parties but also to their children. It can also lead to health problem to girls because as their body is too young to conceive. Conclusion In conclusion, early marriage rate increased during the year of 2011 – 2014, all parents out there must be aware of this problem, as time goes by the case of early marriage will increased every year. The lack of formal education, financial problems and early pregnancy are all the effects of early marriage and not only will it affect the parents but also chains the children in unhealthy customs. Marriage is a great responsibility, and everyone should consider the effects of early marriage. And also, the Government must consider this as a major problem. Teenager must have discipline in order to control this early marriage problem, they are too young to enter the big responsibility of having their own family. Graphical Aid Figure 1: Early marriage rate ranges 2 million up to 4 million. The Government must be aware of this problem. Figure 2: From 2 million up to 4 million. At this point the rate increases simultaneously. This is very alarming; the Government must control this problem. Figure 3: 2 million up to 4 million is the rate of Early Marriage. The rate increases simultaneously.

Existentialism Essay example - 1368 Words

In his 1946 essay Existentialism, Jean-Paul Sartre undertakes the task of defending existentialism against what he defines as â€Å"charges† (341) brought against it. Sartre begins to outline the â€Å"charges† brought against existentialism and further, existentialists. Following the medieval quaestio-form, Sartre begins with the statement of the objection, a short discussion, and then his reply to each. The first of the charges is that of quietism. â€Å"First, it has been charged with inviting people to remain in a kind of desperate quietism because, since no solutions are possible, we should have to consider action in this world as quite impossible† (341). Historically, quietism was a Christian philosophy that advocated withdrawal from worldly†¦show more content†¦Before I begin to discuss the replies Sartre provides for each objection raised, it is important to establish what Sartre believes existentialism to be. That is, it is important to understa nd exactly what Sartre is defending. Sartre begins his definition by defining the two groups of existentialists: Christian existentialists and atheistic existentialists. Sartre aligns himself with the atheistic existentialists for the remainder of the essay. What the existentialist philosophers have in common, and where Sartre begins his definition, is the idea that existence precedes essence. The reader is provided the example of a paper cutter. A designer has a plan for a paper cutter in his/her mind and sets about creating it with the preconceived notion of its function. This preconceived notion is the essence of the object and thus for the object (a paper cutter) essence precedes existence. That is to say the paper cutters being is predetermined. It would follow that for essence to precede the existence in a person, there must be an individual to conceive of the beings essence and thus bring about its existence. However, Sartre declares that there is no God andShow MoreRelatedEx istentialism : Existentialism And Existentialism994 Words   |  4 Pageshis choices† (Sartre, n.d.). When discussing existentialism, the man responsible for this quote is always attached to the conversation. As the man who is often remembered for bringing the most amount of international attention to the theory of existentialism, Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre deserves to have his theories and ideals discussed and respected whenever possible. Firstly, what exactly is existentialism? The textbook defines existentialism as â€Å"a philosophical movement or tendency, emphasizingRead MoreExistentialism : Existentialism And Existentialism1186 Words   |  5 PagesSubjectivity in Existentialism is a Humanism In Existentialism is a humanism, French philosopher and existentialist Jean-Paul Sartre defends existentialism from 20th century critics who believed that its overly subjective nature promotes anguish, abandonment, and despair. Sartre explains these common misconceptions about existentialism and argues that it is not a pessimist point of view, but the complete opposite. In what follows, I will explain how Sartre not only invalidates the surging misconceptionsRead MoreExistentialism : Existentialism And Existentialism951 Words   |  4 Pages In Existentialism is a Humanism, Sartre defines existentialism and explains his belief of â€Å"existence before essence.† He says that human beings don’t have a pre-established purpose or something that we have to be. He goes in more detail by saying, â€Å"†¦ man first of all exists, encounters himself, surges up in the world – and defines himself afterwards. If man as the existentialist sees him is not definable, it is because to begin with he is nothing. He will not be anything until later, and then heRead MoreExistentialism : Existentialism And Existentialism1124 Words   |  5 Pageslife its value? There are two main viewpoints that answer this question; Nihilism and Existentialism. (There are 4 kinds of nihilism, and we will be focusing on one of them, called Existential Nihilism). To a nihilist, life itself is intrinsically, fundamentally and inherently meaningless, and is nothing but a dynamic chemical reaction that, when it stops, is nothing but the end of the reaction. Existentialism, on the other hand, is the belief that every human is born without a given meaning, butRead MoreExistentialism : Existentialism And Existentialism1774 Words   |  8 Pages Journal 3 - Existentialism Existentialism is something that everybody thinks of sometimes in their life. Maybe they thought about it while on the toilet, or when they just achieved something they worked really hard at, or they thought about it while lying in bed at 3 am when they couldn’t sleep. Existentialism is based off of the questions â€Å"What is my purpose?† and â€Å"Why am I here?†. It basically answers these questions by saying that there is no meaning and that we can only assign meaning toRead MoreExistentialism1408 Words   |  6 Pages Existentialism and its facets There are many philosophies that people use in their lives. Some of the ways of thinking are linked to some prominent people. There is idealism, naturalism, experimentalism, and existentialism among others. This essay explores existentialism, which has been postulated by Sartre among others. The other proponents of existentialism include Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, martin Buber, Martin Heidegger and Martin Buber. The weakness and strengths of existentialism are going toRead MoreSartre s Existentialism And Existentialism1024 Words   |  5 Pagesin the following paper, I shall examine Sartre’s Existentialism is a Humanism and give a framework of concepts and reasons as to why it is existentialist in nature. Whereas the last paper chronologically organized Sartre’s life and experiences, this will focus more specifically on his work, thought process and an impression and interpretation of his logic. Presented and chronicled after the liberation of Paris from German occupatio n, Existentialism is a/and Humanism, flew directly out of that optimisticRead MoreExistentialism, Idealism, Naturalism, Experimentalism, And Existentialism1230 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction According to Wikipedia, â€Å"existentialism is the work of certain late nineteenth and twentieth century European Philosophers who, despite profound doctrinal preferences, shared the belief of philosophical thinking begins with the human which not merely thinking subject, but the acting, feeling, living individual. While the predominant value of existentialist thought is commonly acknowledged to be freedom, its primary virtue is authenticity† (Wikipedia.org). â€Å"In the view of the existentialistRead MoreExistentialism And The Existentialist Ideas Behind Existentialism1186 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Existentialism is a theory of philosophy that stepped away from ideas that there is any single unifying reality or reason to existence and that we should approach philosophy from a perspective of what we can perceive to be true, not what we think is true without being able to perceive it. In that mind set, it tries to examine what a person’s perception of reality can be, their place is in that reality, how they approach their own existence given that information, and how, based on thoseRead MoreExistentialism Is A Humanism?1568 Words   |  7 PagesExistentialism is a humanism Oxford English Dictionary defines â€Å"humanism† as â€Å"any system of thought or ideology which places humanity as a whole, at its center,  especially one which stresses the inherent value and potential of human life.† In Sartre’s lecture, â€Å"Existentialism is a humanism,† not only Sartre’s elaboration of humanism is coherent with the notion of â€Å"humanism,† but also his demonstration of â€Å"existentialism† as one kind of humanisms is cogent. In contrast with those Aristotelians and

An Argument Against Racial Profiling Essay - 1129 Words

I dont want to talk about whether or not racial profiling is legal. Racial profiling is not an effective law enforcement tool. -- Eric Holder, 82nd Attorney General of the United States Before any argument can be made against racial profiling, it is important to understand what racial profiling is. The American Civil Liberties Union, defines racial profiling as the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individuals race, ethnicity, religion or national origin(Racial Profiling: Definition). Using this definition we can determine that racial profiling excludes any evidence of wrong-doing and relies solely on the characteristics listed above. We can also see†¦show more content†¦Elephants are gray, but not all gray things are elephants. Racial profiling would say that all Muslims are Al-Qaeda, because Al-Qaeda members are Muslim. This is a clear example of stereotyping. When assumptions are based upon stereotypes they run a large risk of being entirely wrong, and racial profiling relies on stereotypes. In his article in the National Review, John Derbyshire says â€Å"Confronted with a snake or a fawn, our immediate behavior is determined by generalized beliefs - stereotypes - about snakes and fawns. â€Å" (Derbyshire) This is only partially true. Empirical evidence tells us that fawns are harmless. There are no reports of vicious attacks by baby deer. It is because of that fact that Derbyshire’s argument is inherently flawed. Granted, there are people who are afraid of snakes in general and will run screaming from even the most harmless of the species, but there are many people who are able to tell the difference between a poisonous species of snake and those that are not, and modulate their behavior accordingly. Nevertheless, Derbyshire’s argument suggests that all fawns are harmless, which they are, and all snakes are dangerous, which they are not, but it is impossible to put any ethnic group in the place of fawns or snakes.Show MoreRelatedAn Argument Against Rac ial Profiling2126 Words   |  9 Pages Racial profiling is when an officer of law targets an individual not on their behavior, but rather their personal characteristics, such as race, ethnicity, national origin and religion. Racial profiling has been an issue that dates back earlier than the 1700s. Then when the fourth and fourteenth amendments were created, some thought racial profiling would simmer down. The fourth amendment states that the government is prohibited from any unreasonable seizes or searches; while the fourteenth amendmentRead MoreEssay on An Argument Against Racial Profiling878 Words   |  4 PagesWhen people act on their stereotypical views, that is when stereotyping becomes a big concern and can affect others.Stereotyping is the main cause that leads to profiling. Anyone of any race can experience profiling, and racial profiling discriminates and victimizes people who may not necessarily be committing a crime. Innocent minorities may be portrayed to do be doing something bad. According to Sameera Hazif, Policy Director of Rights Working Group, an African American named Mahari Bailey wasRead MoreAn Argument Against Racial Profiling by Police1379 Words   |  6 PagesRacial profiling in the dictionary is â€Å"the assumption of criminality among ethnic groups: the alleged policy of some police to attribute criminal intentions to members of some ethnic groups and to stop and question them in disproportionate numbers without probable cause (â€Å"Racial Profiling†).† In other words racial profiling is making assumptions that certain individuals are more likely to be involved in misconduct or criminal activity based on that individual’s race or ethnicity. Racial profilingRead More An Argument Against Racial Profiling by Police Essay example834 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay will bring to light the problem of racial profiling in the police force and propose the eradicatio n of any discrimination. The Fourth Amendment states â€Å"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.† DespiteRead MoreArrested Development Essay1054 Words   |  5 PagesWilliams ------------------------------------------------- EN102 Outline for argument analysis: Arrested Development I. ------------------------------------------------- Introduction: * ------------------------------------------------- James Forman Jr. targets this article towards conservatives who oppose racial profiling * ------------------------------------------------- Claim: Forman claims that racial profiling is an ineffective way to enforce the law and should be stopped. ------------------------------------------------- Read MoreIs Racial Profiling Justified?642 Words   |  3 PagesAn argument if racial profiling is justified Would you put your brother, sister mother or any other family in jail if the fit the profile of a perpetrator who committed a crime and is profiled by race or ethnicity? This same question roams around the psyche of every person on who need to solve a crime. But the bigger question in regard for racial profiling if it is justified. Racial profiling cannot be justified as it attacks the very root of society on which they are built. Two key issues centralRead MoreThe Problem With Racial Profiling1561 Words   |  7 Pages we have a problem in our justice system with racial profiling. Racial profiling is defined as targeting or stopping an individual based on his or her race without suspicion of a crime. On one hand, we have people who are completely against racial profiling. On the other hand, some believe that there is no problem with racial profiling. I am very interested in finding out both sides of this argument. What are the rights and wrongs of racial profiling? I chose Jeffrey Toobin’s (2013) blog post RightsRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Right For Police Officers1526 Words   |  7 Pagesamongst American citizens and even top government officials. Racial profiling is a subject that has stirred up so much controversy in the past that it still hasn t been fully resolved to this day. To put into historical context, periods of American history as the Jim Crow era, segregated colored people by regarding them as second-class citizens and restricted them from access to specific public facilities. The justification of racial profiling is an important social issue that affects society as a wholeRead MoreRacial Profiling in Canada1166 Words   |  5 PagesRacial profiling is the act of selecting targets for criminal investigation not on behavioural merit, but exclusively on markers of personal identity such as race, ethnicity, and religious orientation (Perry, 2011, p.9). In other words, racial profiling is the by-product of subjecting individuals who are from a particular racial community to a higher degree of scrutiny and surveillance by criminal justice system agents when compared to other racial communities (Wortley and Owusu-Bempah, 2011, p.135)Read MoreShould The Color Of One’S Skin Subject Them To A Higher1684 Words   |  7 Pagescontroversial topic in today’s society and leaves many confused. There are many arguments from all sides, some saying that this practice has helped catch many criminals and that people would not have to worry if they are not doing anything wrong. Others deny it all together and say that racial profiling simply does not exist and police officers are just trying to do their job. These arguments are both wrong. Not only does racial profiling exist, but it is wrong and only serves to create fear where there should